EL is a dinosaur

meow, why I’ve quit you?

scienceisbeauty:

HIV Replication Cycle

1. Fusion of the HIV cell to the host cell surface.
2. HIV RNA, reverse transcriptase, integrase, and other viral proteins enter the host cell.
3. Viral DNA is formed by reverse transcription.
4. Viral DNA is transported across the nucleus and integrates into the host DNA.
5. New viral RNA is used as genomic RNA and to make viral proteins.
6. New viral RNA and proteins move to cell surface and a new, immature, HIV virus forms.
7. The virus matures by protease releasing individual HIV proteins.

Credit: National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases

Venter is a motherfucker! Opss..sorry.

scienceisbeauty:

Craig Venter, Hamilton Smith, Claire Fraser, and colleagues at TIGR elucidate the first complete genome sequence of a microorganism - Haemophilus influenzae Rd. Since that time, the genome sequences of many important human pathogens, such as M. tuberculosis, Treponema pallidum, Campylobacter jejuni, Helicobacter pylori, Vibrio cholerae, and Legionella pneumophila have been determined. (The Institute for Genome Research)

Source: Developments in microbiology, University of Pennsylvania

Telles [such]

yeast is so complicated freshphotons:

A three-dimensional model of the yeast genome. Via.

scienceisbeauty:

Different species of fruit flies exhibit remarkably different patterns of wing decoration. At the top is the familiar Drosophila melanogaster, the workhorse model organism of genetics, which differs markedly from other fruit fly species. Exploring a single gene that controls pigment deployment in fruit flies, a group led by UW-Madison biologist Sean Carroll has found the molecular switches that control where the pigmentation is deployed on the wing. The finding explains how common genes can be controlled to produce the seemingly endless array of patterns, decoration and body architecture found in animals.

Source: UW-Madison, News, News Photos

Bacteria are so complicated.

scienceisbeauty:

Circular genome map of Rickettsia typhi

Source

freshphotons:

Microarrays, sometimes called gene chips, provide snapshots of all the genes that are active in a cell at a particular time. Via.

The common chimp (Pan troglodytes) and human Y chromosomes are “horrendously different from each other”, says David Page of the Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research in Cambridge, Massachusetts, who led the work. “It looks like there’s been a dramatic renovation or reinvention of the Y chromosome in the chimpanzee and human lineages.” [..] “The Y is full of surprises,” Page says. “When we sequenced the chimp genome people thought we’d understand why we have language and write poetry. But one of the most dramatic differences turns out to be sperm production.”

The fickle Y chromosome - Nature, 14 January 2010 - page 149

freshphotons:

Rasmussen et al. have sequenced the genome of a man from the Saqqaq culture, using DNA from hair preserved in permafrost in Greenland. They analysed the genome to find single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) — differences in single DNA base pairs that exist between individual genomes, and that may act as markers of an individual’s physical traits. a, Here, a short stretch of human DNA is shown that is a marker for normal earwax. b, In the analogous DNA from the Saqqaq individual, there is a SNP in which a C in the lower strand has been replaced by a T (C, G, T and A denote the four kinds of DNA base). This SNP shows that the Saqqaq man had dry earwax. Via.

freshphotons:

billydalto:

Part of the Sumedicina project, this is a visualization of a viral DNA sequence. It’s a fictional virus that happens to share its name with an isolate of the Taura syndrome virus, also called 2KMX. TSV has a single-stranded RNA genome, and infects a number of species including the whiteleg shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei, which is actually a closet prawn.

Image via Flowing Data and created by Kim Asendorf.

proofmathisbeautiful: scienceisbeauty:

Drosophila gene expression data exploration and visualization (link)

Source: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory